Common Foot Conditions

Skin conditions of the Feet

👣Corns    👣 Hard skin (callus)   👣 Cracked heels and heel fissures   👣 Dry skin  👣 Athlete's foot (fungal skin infection)   👣Verrucae (plantar warts)          👣 Blisters  👣 Chilblains   👣Sweaty feet (hyperhidrosis)  👣Excessive foot odour   👣 Eczema affecting the feet  👣 Psoriasis affecting the feet   👣Contact dermatitis    👣Skin infections   

Nail Conditions

👣Thickened toenails  👣 Fungal nail infections   👣 Ingrown toenails  👣Involuted (curved) toenails   👣Painful toenails   👣Split or damaged nails

👣 Discoloured nails  👣 Traumatic nail damage  👣 Detached nails (onycholysis)   👣Nail infections   👣 Pincer nails   👣 Nail deformities  👣 Corns under nails

Toe Conditions and Deformities

 👣Bunions (hallux valgus)  👣 Hammer toes   👣Claw toes   👣Mallet toes    👣Overlapping toes  👣Underlapping toes   👣Hallux rigidus (stiff big toe)

 👣Hallux limitus (restricted big toe movement)  👣Curly toes  👣Floating toes   👣Painful toe joints  👣Capsulitis   👣Toe joint arthritis

Heel and Arch Problems

Plantar fasciitis      Heel pain           Heel spurs         Achilles tendinopathy     Achilles insertional pain     Sever's disease

Fat pad syndrome       High arches (pes cavus)        Flat feet (pes planus)

Fallen arches    Arch strain     Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction     Plantar plate injuries

Forefoot problems

Metatarsalgia   Morton's neuroma  Interdigital neuroma   Sesamoiditis    Ball-of-foot pain   Stress fractures  Bursitis   Transfer lesions  Painful pressure points   Capsulitis of the metatarsophalangeal joints

 Ankle conditions

Ankle sprains   Chronic ankle instability    Achilles tendon injuries       Peroneal tendon problems    Tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction       Ankle arthritis  Ankle stiffness  Tendon inflammation   Sinus tarsi syndrome    Ankle impingement

 Leg and lower-limb problems

Shin splints

Medial tibial stress syndrome

Calf pain

Calf muscle strains

Achilles tendon pain

Tendinopathy

Knee-related biomechanical problems

Leg length discrepancy

Gait abnormalities

Overpronation

Supination

Biomechanical imbalance

Muscle weakness affecting walking

Exercise-related lower-limb pain

Circulation and nerve-related foot problems

Peripheral neuropathy

Diabetic neuropathy

Numbness and tingling

Burning feet

Peripheral arterial disease (recognition and referral)

Poor circulation

Cold feet

Swollen feet and ankles

Peripheral oedema

Loss of protective sensation

Diabetic foot complications

 Foot Problems associated with Ageing

Age-related nail thickening

Reduced mobility affecting foot care

Painful corns and calluses

Arthritis of the feet

Stiff joints

Reduced fat padding

Balance difficulties

Changes in foot shape

Difficulty reaching or caring for feet

Increased pressure areas

 Children's foot conditions

Flat feet in children

In-toeing

Out-toeing

Toe walking

Sever's disease

Growing pains (assessment and appropriate referral)

Paediatric gait abnormalities

Sports-related foot pain

Ingrown toenails

Verrucae

 Sports-related foot and leg injuries

Plantar fascia injuries

Achilles tendinopathy

Shin splints

Stress fractures

Ankle sprains

Tendon injuries

Running-related foot pain

Metatarsal overload

Sesamoid injuries

Biomechanical overuse injuries

Footwear and biomechanical problems

Poor footwear-related foot pain

Footwear pressure injuries

Abnormal walking patterns

Gait abnormalities

Excessive pronation

Supination

Foot posture problems

Orthotic assessment

Insole assessment and prescription

Pressure redistribution

Footwear advice